A century ago, as World War I got underway, the Middle East was dominated, as it had been for centuries, by the Ottoman Empire.
But by 1923, its political shape had changed beyond recognition, as the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the insistent claims of Arab and Turkish nationalism and Zionism led to a redrawing of borders and shuffling of alliances--a transformation whose consequences are still felt today.
This fully revised and updated second edition of Making the Moder.